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为减小针对曲面为基底的激光增材制造过程中残余应力对工件性能的影响，探究其激光增材制造熔覆层温度场和应力场的分布，提出合适的激光熔覆工艺参数是必要的。以某空心圆柱为基体，通过有限元分析软件，采用生死单元与移动热源结合的方法对不同工艺参数下激光沉积制造过程中的温度场和应力场进行研究。为预测激光增材制造316L不锈钢过程中相互耦合的多工艺参数对应力和变形的影响，分析了数值模拟结果。结果表明，扫描速度对工件最高温度的影响要比激光功率大；在激光功率800 W、扫描速度15 mm/s时，工件的残余应力和变形量最小。残余应力的各向应力大小相差不大，但分布区域有区别。研究为激光增材制造过程中分析温度和应力分布情况并通过调整工艺参数来降低工件的残余应力和变形提供了指导。
Abstract：To reduce the impact of residual stress on the performance of parts during laser additive manufacturing on curved substrates, it is essential to investigate the distribution of the temperature and stress fields in the laser-deposited layers and establish suitable laser cladding process parameters. In this study, a hollow cylindrical substrate is utilized, and finite element analysis software is applied, combining the birth-and-death element method with a moving heat source approach, to investigate the temperature and stress fields during the laser deposition manufacturing process under various processing parameters. To predict the effects of interrelated multiprocess parameters on stress and deformation in the laser additive manufacturing of 316L stainless steel, an analysis of the numerical simulation results was conducted. The findings show that the scanning speed has a more significant influence on the maximum temperature of the workpiece than laser power; at a laser power of 800 W and a scanning speed of 15 mm/s, the residual stress and deformation of the workpiece are minimized. The magnitude of residual stress in different directions varies slightly, but the distribution regions differ. This research offers guidance on analyzing temperature and stress distribution and on reducing residual stress and deformation in workpieces by adjusting process parameters during the laser additive manufacturing process.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.14128/j.cnki.al.20254509.046
中图分类号:TG665;TG142.71
引用信息:
[1]张万顺,唐清春,潘文俊,等.基于曲面基底激光增材制造316L不锈钢的残余应力数值模拟研究[J].应用激光,2025,45(09):46-55.DOI:10.14128/j.cnki.al.20254509.046.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52165054)
2024-01-14
2024
2024-01-31
2024
1
2025-09-25
2025-09-25